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How To Apply for a Personal Loan

Applying for a personal loan from an online lender is quick and easy.

Author
By Lindsay Frankel
Lindsay Frankel

Written by

Lindsay Frankel

Writer

Lindsay Frankel has been in personal finance for over eight years. Her work has been featured by MSN, CNN, FinanceBuzz, and The Balance.

Edited by Meredith Mangan

Written by

Meredith Mangan

Senior editor, Credible

Meredith Mangan is a senior editor at Credible and expert on personal loans.

Updated September 20, 2024

Editorial disclosure: Our goal is to give you the tools and confidence you need to improve your finances. Although we receive compensation from our partner lenders, whom we will always identify, all opinions are our own. Credible Operations, Inc. NMLS # 1681276, is referred to here as “Credible.”

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Life is expensive. If your refrigerator breaks down, your car needs repair, or you have an emergency, you might not have the funds to pay for it. You’re not alone — about 37% of adults report they would need to borrow money to cover a $400 emergency, according to the Federal Reserve.

Fortunately, a personal loan allows you to pay for almost any expense in fixed monthly installments over a period of years. You can even use a personal loan for planned expenses, like a wedding or home improvement project. It’s easy to apply online, and you can sometimes receive funds the same day or within a few business days of applying. 

We’ll walk you through the process, step by step, so you can find the best personal loan for your needs. 

1. Check your credit

The loan options available to you depend on your credit score. Start by checking your free credit reports at AnnualCreditReport.com. Check for common errors that could be damaging, such as:

  • Accounts that aren't yours
  • Debts listed multiple times
  • Accounts labeled delinquent, even though you paid on time
  • Incorrect balances or credit limits

If something doesn't look right, you can dispute the error with the credit reporting agency.

Many lenders require a good credit score, or a FICO score of at least 670. But some lenders, like Upstart, look at a wider variety of factors and may approve a borrower with bad credit. If you can take the time to improve your credit before applying for a personal loan, you'll likely qualify for a lower interest rate.

Check Out: How To Get a Low-Interest Loan

2. Compare personal loan rates

Before you get too deep in the process, consider which loans you're eligible for and the rate you might get. Check your credit score against each lender's minimum credit score requirement (below) to get a sense of which might approve your application. Your credit score also indicates where you might fall within the range of personal loan rates each lender offers. 

For example, if you have bad credit (a FICO score less than 580), you might only qualify with a few of the lenders below and may be approved for a loan with an annual percentage rate (APR) above 30%.

Advertiser Disclosure

All APRs reflect autopay and loyalty discounts where available | LightStream disclosure | SoFi Disclosures | Read more about Rates and Terms

3. Calculate your gross annual income

Add up the income you receive from various sources, before taxes and deductions, including:

  • Wages and salaries from full-time and part-time employment
  • Bonuses and commissions
  • Self-employment income or extra money from a side hustle
  • Retirement benefits
  • Trust payments or pension income
  • Investment income or rental revenue
  • Alimony or child support
  • Social Security or disability benefits

While you're calculating the total, gather documents like tax returns, pay stubs, and bank statements. You'll likely need to provide proof of income when you formally apply. Note that some lenders have minimum income requirements, so knowing your income can help you narrow down your options.

4. Calculate your DTI

Your debt-to-income ratio (DTI) refers to the percentage of your gross monthly income that you spend making the minimum payments on all your debts. Lenders use your DTI to determine if you can handle an additional loan payment on top of your existing debts. To calculate your DTI:

  1. Divide your gross annual income by 12 to get your monthly income.
  2. Add up your monthly minimum payments for your credit cards, mortgage, auto loan, and other outstanding debts.
  3. Divide your total monthly debt payment by your gross monthly income.
  4. Multiply the answer by 100 to get a percentage.

For example, let's say your gross monthly income is $5,000 and your mortgage is $1,300. You also have a $200 minimum credit card payment and a $300 auto loan. Your DTI would be 36%.

($1,300 + $200 + $300) / $5,000 = 0.36

Some lenders set a maximum DTI, while others are more flexible. If your DTI is greater than 35% or 36%, you may have more difficulty getting approved for a loan.

5. Determine how much you need to borrow

You should never borrow more than you need. Before applying for a personal loan, consider your existing resources. 

For example, determine whether you can partially cover your financial need by getting cash out of your emergency fund, liquidating your investments, or asking for help from friends or family. If your income is low, you could also explore government benefits before taking out a loan.

Calculate how much money you still need to cover the large purchase or emergency expense. When comparing your loan options, eliminate lenders that don't offer the amount you need.

Related: How Much of a Personal Loan Can I Get?

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Good to know

Most personal loan amounts range from $500 to over $50,000, but some lenders, like LightStream, who offer up to $100,000 for home improvement loans.

6. Determine an affordable payment range

Take the monthly income you calculated in the steps above and subtract your recurring monthly expenses, such as rent, utilities, and insurance. Set aside some money for savings as well. 

Then, look at your budget or past credit card statements to determine how much money you’ll need for things like groceries and entertainment. You may need to cut some expenses, like streaming services or meals out, to make room for your loan payment. 

Personal loan lenders typically offer repayment terms between two to seven years or more, depending on the reason for funding. Some lenders, like BHG Financial, offer loans up to 10 years for RV financing or home improvements

7. Compare lenders

  • Eliminate options you don’t qualify for: Determine which lenders you can likely qualify with based on your credit score, income, and requested loan purpose, and exclude the rest. 
  • Check the funding time: If you need fast cash, narrow down your options to lenders that offer same-day or next-day funding. 
  • Consider loan amounts and repayment terms: Make sure the lender you choose offers the loan amount you need with a repayment term you can afford. 
  • Research lender reputation: Check third-party websites like Trustpilot to get a sense of the lender’s reputation for customer service. 
  • Evaluate perks and discounts: Some lenders may offer autopay discounts and other savings opportunities, free resources, digital tools, or other perks. Decide if any of these are important to you. 

Check Out: Best Fast Personal Loans

8. Prequalify

Many lenders offer a prequalification process that relies on a soft credit check. This allows you to get an estimate of the rate and term options the lender may offer without impacting your credit score. Lenders typically provide an estimated APR, which considers the interest rate and upfront loan fees, to make it easy to compare borrowing costs across lenders. 

You can prequalify with multiple lenders all in one place via Credible and other loan marketplaces. If the lender doesn’t provide an estimated monthly payment, plug the loan amount, rate, and term into a personal loan calculator to ensure the payment will be affordable. 

Note that your final rate may vary slightly, and prequalifying doesn’t guarantee you’ll receive a loan offer when you formally apply. Most lenders conduct a hard credit pull when you formally apply which could impact your credit score.

Learn More: Does Applying for a Loan Hurt Your Credit Score?

9. Apply

Review your loan offers and choose the lender and term that best meet your needs. Note that when you proceed with the application process, you’ll likely need to authorize a hard credit check. This will temporarily cause a small dip in your credit score. 

The lender may ask you to upload documents to verify your identity, address, income, and employment information. For example, you may be required to provide recent pay stubs or tax returns. 

If your application is approved, you’ll have the chance to review your final offer before accepting the loan. Read through your loan agreement carefully before signing to initiate the transfer of funds.

Don't Miss: How To Get Approved for a Personal Loan

How to get a lower interest rate on a personal loan

  • Compare lenders: You should prequalify with at least 3 different lenders to make sure you’re getting the best rate
  • Consider using collateral: Secured loans typically come with lower interest rates. If you have an asset like a home or vehicle that you can offer the lender in case you fail to repay the loan, you may be able to get a lower rate. 
  • Take advantage of discounts: Some lenders offer autopay discounts or other savings opportunities to help you get a lower rate. 
  • Apply with a cosigner or co-applicant: When you apply with a cosigner or joint applicant, the lender will review that person’s income and credit score in addition to your own. If you have a friend or family member who has good credit and their own income, applying with that person may help you get a lower rate. Just know they’ll be responsible for the loan if you can’t make payments.

Check Out: Co-applicant vs. Cosigner

How to qualify for a personal loan with bad credit

Start by looking for bad-credit lenders and prequalifying to see if you’re eligible. You may need to adjust the amount you’re applying for based on the results. You can also narrow down your options to lenders that offer secured loans or allow cosigners or joint applicants. 

If you’re still struggling to get a loan, you may consider lenders that offer personal installment loans with no hard credit check, or emergency lenders

These lenders are more welcoming to bad-credit borrowers, but they also tend to charge much higher rates. For example, OppLoans does not conduct a hard credit check and reports payments to the credit bureaus, but rates can be as high as 179%. 

Just stay away from short-term loans like payday loans. These are often predatory and can charge APRs well over 400%, depending on your state. 

Check Out: Payday Loans vs. Personal Loans

FAQ

Can you pay off a personal loan early?

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Can a personal loan be denied after approval?

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How to get a better interest rate on a personal loan

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Meet the expert:
Lindsay Frankel
Lindsay Frankel

Lindsay Frankel has been in personal finance for over eight years. Her work has been featured by MSN, CNN, FinanceBuzz, and The Balance.